High white blood cell count
Definition
A high white blood cell count is an increase in cells in the blood that fight infections.
What's considered high in a white blood cell count varies from one lab to another. This is because laboratories set their own reference ranges based on the populations they serve. In general, for adults a count of more than 11,000 white blood cells in a microliter of blood is considered high.
Causes
A high white blood cell count usually means one of the following has increased the making of white blood cells:
- An infection.
- Reaction to a medicine.
- A bone marrow disease
- An immune system issue.
- Sudden stress such as hard exercise.
- Smoking.
Specific causes of a high white blood cell count include:
- Allergy, especially severe allergic reactions
- Asthma
- Bacterial, viral, fungal or parasitic infections
- Burns
- Churg-Strauss syndrome
- Medicines, such as corticosteroids and epinephrine
- Hay fever (also known as allergic rhinitis)
- Leukemia
- Lymphoma
- Myelofibrosis (a bone marrow disorder)
- Polycythemia vera
- Pregnancy
- Rheumatoid arthritis (a condition that can affect the joints and organs)
- Sarcoidosis (a condition in which tiny collections of inflammatory cells can form in any part of the body)
- Smoking
- Tuberculosis
- Vasculitis
- Whooping cough
When to see a doctor
A test a health care provider orders to diagnose a condition can reveal a high white blood cell count. A high white blood cell count is rarely found by chance.
Talk to your care provider about what your results mean. A high white blood cell count plus results from other tests might show the cause of your illness. Or you might need other tests for more information about your condition.
